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No. 617,678. Patented Ian. l0 I899.

' A. D. EMERY.

SPINNING HEAD.

(Application filed Feb. 19, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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No. amen. Patented Jan. 10, I899. A. n. EMERY.

SPINNING HEAD.

(Application filed. Feb. 19, 1897.) (N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 6|7,678. Patented Ian. 10, I899.

A. D. EMERY.

SPINNING HEAD.

(Application filed Feb. 19, 1897.

' lrumlmmm 3 Sheets-Shet 3.

(N0 Model.)

UNiTED STATES PATENT omen.

ABRAM D. EMERY, OF TAUN TON, MASSACHUSETTS,ASSIGNOR TO THE UNIVERSALLOOM COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPINNING-'HEAIj;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,678, dated January10, 1899.

Application filed February 19I 1897. Serial No. 624,112. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ABRAM D. EMERY, of Taunton, Massachusetts, haveinvented certain Improvements in Spinning- Heads, of which the followingis a specification.

This improvement relates to spinning-heads in which a multiplicity ofpairs of draw-rolls rotating at prescribed relative speeds on parallelhorizontal axes are carried in a frame which is surmounted by a rovingbobbin holder and in which said frame and rovingbobbin holder rotateupon a common vertical axis. By the present invention a spinning-head ofthis character is adapted to be driven by a band, and hence rotated athigh speed. This is accomplished by the employment of a system ofgearing for driving the draw-rolls upon horizontal axes by motionderived from the spinning-head, which rotates upon a vertical axis. Tothis end there is mounted upon one side of the draw-roll framemear itslowerend, a skew-gear rotating upon a horizontal axis transverse to aradius of the rotating frame and adapted to engage a spiral worm or ribformed upon a horizontal table supported upon the top of the box inwhich the hollow trunnion of the lower end of the draw-roll frame hasits hearing. The said spiral rib surrounds said trunnion at a suitabledistance therefrom and is so proportioned in pitch as to engage theteeth of the skew-gear successively as the spinning head rotates and tothereby effect a complete revolution of the skew-gear during thecompletion of a prescribed number of revolutions of the spinning-head.

If the spiral worm is stationary and is so proportioned in pitch thatits gain in radius in a single convolution is equal to the'width of oneof the teeth of the skew-gear, then the number of rotations of thespinning-head during each single rotation of the skew-gear will be equalto the number of teeth upon the skew-gear. Of course the speed ofrotation of the skew-gear proportionately to the speed of rotation ofthe spinning-head could be varied if the spiral worm should be made torotate upon a vertical axis. Such rotation of the spiral worm is,however, unnecessary in the present instance, because with a stationaryworm any required speed of rotation zation the speeds of rotation of therolls rela tively to the'speed of rotation of the spinning-head isalways the same whether the spinning-head as a whole be rotated fasteror slower.

The skew-gear referred to partakes of the character of a Worm-wheel, butdiffers from a worm-wheel in not having its perimeter circumferentiallygrooved.

For the purposes of the present case an ordinary gear the teeth of whichare parallel with the axis of rotation answers every purpose so long asthe teeth are coarse enough, and hence the grooves between the teethwide enough, to freely admit the section of the worm which is engaged.As the path of the worm across the perimeter of the wheel is slightlydiagonal with the plane of the axis of the wheel, the wheel might, if itwere worth while, be provided with skew-teeth, although this is notnecessary if coarse teeth are employed. The term skewgear is adapted asa distinctive designation for the wheel in question in view of thediagonal path of the spiral worm across its periphery. It will thereforebe understood that an ordinary gear with suitably-coarse teeth is theequivalent of a skew-gear for the purpose of being rotated upon its ownaxis by its engagement with the spiral worm during the rotation of thespinning-head upon which the said wheel is mounted.

The peculiarity of the mode of spinning yarn inherent in the operationof spinningheads of the class to which the present invention belongs isthat all parts of the yarn are successively given precisely the sameamount of twist and are never given any greater twist than that whichthey ultimately retain. This is due to the fact that the initial twistis imparted to the part of the yarn adjacent the draw-rolls-in otherwords, to the unfinished end of the length of yarn extendin g from thedraw-rolls to the winding appliances which may be employed and by whichthe finished end is wound without being further twisted. As the twistingand winding operations, although performed simultaneously, are notperformed on the same parts of the yarn at the same time, it followsthat the yarn which is being wound, instead of being subjected to thedegree of strain to which it is subjected when being spun either upon aring-frame or upon a throstle-frame, is only held under such moderatetension as will prevent it from kinking.

The accompanying drawings, which are intended to represent the inventionin its simplest form, show in appropriate relation a single spool and aspinning-head having a vertical axis of rotation and provided withdrawrolls rotating on horizontal axes.

The drawings are as follows: Figure l is an elevation in which there isconventionally represented an upright frame supporting a spinning-headand spooling mechanism, together with a driving-band engaging a whirl onthe spinning-head, the upper part of the spinninghead being shown insection and the remainder in elevation. Fig. 2 is a top view of thestructure represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on theplane indicated by the dotted line u; soon Fig. 1. Fig. at is anelevation of one of the sides of the draw-roll frame, which are at rightangles to the axes of rotation of the draw-rolls, partly in section, onthe plane indicated by the dotted line y 51 on Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is anaxial section of the spinning-head, showing the draw-rolls in elevation,a portion of the roving-cylinder and roving-bobbin being represented asbroken away. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the spinning-head on theplane indicated by the dotted line e on Fig. 4.

The drawings embrace a representation of a draw-roll frame composed oftwo uprights A A, united by horizontal members B, C, D, E, F, and G, anda single example of a vertical spinning-head and winding appliances, theframe being adapted to support a multiplicity of such verticalspinning-heads and winding appliances arranged side by side, togetherwith the necessary shafting and gearing for operating the same.

The spinning mechanism embodying the present improvements consists,broadly, of a rotating spinning-head embracing, first, an uprightcylinder 11, adapted to rotate upon its geometrical axis and to containa bobbin of roving; secondly, a draw-roll frame I, connected to saidcylinder and provided with a whirl I for engaging a driving-band 1 bywhich the said draw-roll frame and cylinder or rovingbobbin holder arerotated upon a common vertical axis, and, thirdly, a system J of threepairs of superposed draw-rolls mounted in said draw-roll frame androtated upon their parallel horizontal axes by motion derived from atoothed wheel, herein arbitrarily designated a skew-gear K, mounted uponthe lower end of the draw-roll frame and engaging a spiral worm orscroll K, formed upon a horizontal bed K supported upon the top of thebox K in which the hollow trunnion at the lower end of the draw-rollframe has its bearing.

Within the cylinder H is a roving-bobbin a, loosely mounted upon aspindle a, the upper end of which is secured to the center of the underside of the top cylinder-head a Upon its upper side the topcylinder-head is provided with the central recess a for engaging theremovable steady-pin a, by which the upper end of the spinning-headiscentralized. The top cylinder-head. is rigidly secured to the upper endof the hollow cylinder H. The lower end of the hollow cylinder H isdetachably connected to the lower eylindenhead Z) in any convenientmanner-as, for example, by providing it with a vertical slit a, adaptedto drop over the win g a projecting outwardly from the cylindrical cupI), with which the lower cylinder-head b is provided and which isadapted to be seated within the cylinder H.

The lower cylinder-head b is provided with a downwardly-projectinghollow trunnion b the upper portion of which is tapped to receive thescrew-threaded upper portion of the hollow stem 0 0f the draw-roll frameI. The stem 0 is provided with a shoulder c for hearing against theunder end of the trunnion 6 or, preferably, against awasher c ofespecially hard metal, which is interposed between the shoulder o andthe under end of the trunnion b A jam-nut c is applied to thescrew-threaded upper part of the stem 0, which serves to firmly fastenthe cylinderhead I) to the stem 0. The under end of the hollow trunnionb or under side of the washer 0 as the case may he, hears upon thesystem of balls 0 which are seated in the V-shaped grooves formed uponthe upper side of the annular hard-metal washer c at the upper end ofmetalline bushing c, in which the stem 0 has its bearing and which isinserted within the cylindrical box 0 the cylindrical box 0 beinginserted in a cylindrical aperture in the horizontal member E of theframe and removably secured therein by the set-screw 0 The draw-rollframe is provided at its lower end with the hollow trunnion d, which, asalready mentioned, is journaled in the box K. The box K is inserted inan aperture cl in the horizontal member D of the frame and is removablysecured therein by the set-screw 1 The spun yarn e, at a short distancebe low the lower end of the hollow trunnion d, is led through the eyeand given one or two turns around the stem of the pigtail and thence tothe free end of the vibrating traverse arm f, by which the yarn isappropriately ICC IIC

fed to the spool g. The spool g is loosely mounted upon the rotatingdisk g and stem g, by the frictional influence of which the spool isrotated. The pigtail is a tension device which prevents the directtransmission of strain from the winding devices to the drawrolls.

The traverse arm f is loosely mounted upon the horizontal bar f,extending entirely across the frame and is vibrated by the heartcam faflixed to the cam-shaft f also extending entirely across the frame. Thedisk g, carrying the spool g, is rotated by the band g from the pulley gaffixed to the horizontal shaft 9 extending entirely across the frame.

The number of traverse arms and the number of spools will of courseequal the number of spinning-heads mounted upon the frame. Motion torotate the cam-shaft f and the spool-driving shaft g is transmitted byany suitable gearing from the main driving-shaft h, which is mounted inthe standards A and A and provided at one end with the fast and loosepulleys h 71 At appropriate intervals the main shaft it has affixedtoitthe spinninghead driving-pulleys, one of which, its, is shown in thedrawings as engaging the driving-band I for rotating the adjacentspinning-head.

The shaft 71 has affixed to it two adjoining pulleys d and c" ofdifferent diameters for engaging the driving-belt 2' by which rotationis imparted to one or the other, as the case may be, of the pulleys iand 2' affixed to the counter-shaftj, which is rotated at difierentrates of speed, according to which pair of pulleys 2' and 2' or i and 2'is engaged by the driving-belt The counter-shaft j has its bearing inthe standard A. As represented in the drawings, the pulleys and 2' arearranged upon the part of the counter-shaft j which projects inside thestandard A. On the portion of the shaft j which projects outside thestandard A there is affixed the pinion j, which engages thechan'ge-gearj, loosely mounted upon the adjustable studj Affixed to thegearfiand also loosely mounted upon the stud 3' is a pinion 7' whichengages the gearj affixed to the spool-driving shaft g The stud 7' isgiven the capacity of adj ustability for the purpose of permitting theremoval of the gear 3' and its attached pinion j and the substitution ofothers in their places, as occasion may demand, in order to communicateto the spooldriving shaft g the required rate of rotation. To this endthe stud j is carried by the upper arm of the lever 7:, which is looselymounted 011 the counter-shaftj and has its lower arm it" concentricallyslotted to admit the setscrew by the screwing home of which the lever 70is clamped to the standard A. The upper arm of the lever 70 is radiallyslotted to admit the screw-threaded end of the stud 7' and is adapted toengage the jam-nut 70 by means of which the upper arm of of the lever 70is firmly clamped against the collar 70, which is affixed to or integralwith the stud j The gear and pinion are retained on the stud 7' by theusual washer and cotter k The outer extremity of the counter-shaftj hasaffixed to it the worm Z, which engages and drives the worm-wheel Z,secured to the outer end of the transverse counter-shaft Z mounted insuitable bearings in the bracket Z affixed to the standard A. The innerend of the transverse counter-shaft Z is provided with the worm Z whichengages and drives the worm-wheel Z affixed to the cam-shaft f It willof course be understood that the described trains of gearing forrotating the camshaft f and the spool-shaft g are hereinv shown anddescribed merely for the purpose of illustration and that the inventionis not limited to the particular forms of gearing shown.

Provision is made for stopping the rotation of any spinning-head whenits bobbin runs out or the yarn breaks. To this end there is providedupon the driving-shaft h, immediately adjoining each of the pulleys h aworm m, which drives the horizontal gear m, the face of which isprovided with a crank-pin for engaging one end of a pitman m theopposite end of which is pivoted to and imparts endwise reciprocatingmotion to the tripperbar m The driving-band 1 is held taut and made torotate its spinning-head by means of the tightening-pulley a, mountedupon the inner end of the hand-lever n. The tightening-pulley n isretained in its band-tightening position by the engagement of theshoulder n on the hand-lever with the horizontallyextending arm of thetrigger o, the downwardly-extending arm of which is perforated to allowof the passage through it of the adjacent end of the tripper-bar m Theweighted arm 0 of the trigger may be operated manually if it should bedesired to stop the rotation of the spinning-head. The automaticstopping of the spinning-head when the yarn breaks or the roving runsout is effected by means of the detector-lever p, the longer arm 19' ofwhich is provided with an eye or hook which normally engages the yarnimmediately below its point of delivery from the spinning-head, and isthereby normally held upward against the influence of gravity. Theshorter arm of the detector-lever is a finger 19 which normally occupiesthe position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, in which it is below thepath of movement of the tripper-bar m but if the yarn breaks or givesout the detector-lever is released to the influence of gravity, with theresult that the finger p is moved upward against thedownwardly-projecting arm of the trigger, in which position it receivesthe impact of the tripper-bar m and by transmitting the motion thereofto the trigger 0 releases the trigger 0 from the shoulder m and permitsthe tightening-pulley n to fall, and thus slack the band 1 so that itwill cease to rotate the spinning-head.

It will be perceived that when the detectorlever is released from itsnormal position by the breaking or giving out of the yarn whichordinarily sustains it the finger 19 by moving into the space betweenthe end of the trigger-bar m and the trigger 0, operates to momentarilyestablish the continuity of a train of connections, by the resultantaction of which the device for rotating the adjacent spinning-head isrendered inoperative.

Means other than those shown for transmitting from a common sourcemotions to rotate the spinning-heads separately may of course beemployed without departing from the invention, provided such means arecom-.

bined with the described detector-levers arranged with relation to thespun yarns as herein shown.

hat is claimed as the invention is- 1. A spinning-head composed of arovingbobbin holder; a draw-roll frame connectedto and rotating withsaid roving-bobbin holder upon a common vertical axis; means forrotating said spinning-head; superposed pairs of draw-rolls mountedtransversely in said draw-roll frame; a skew-gear mounted near the lowerend of said draw-roll frame and adapted to rotate upon a horizontalaxis; suitable gearing mounted on said draw-roll frame for transmittingmotion from said skew-gear to said draw-rolls, and a spiral Wormsupported upon the frame in which the lower end of said draw-roll framehas its bearing, and adapted to engage the teeth of said skew-gearsuccessively as the draw-roll frame carrying said skew-gear rotates, asand for the purposes set forth.

2. A spinning-head composed of a drawroll frame and a roving-bobbinholder adapted to rotate upon a common vertical axis; superposed pairsof draw-rolls mounted in said draw-roll frame; a skew-gear mounted insaid draw-roll frame near its lower end and adapt ed to rotate upon ahorizontal axis at a prescribed distance from the axis of rotation ofsaid draw-roll frame and at a right angle, or approximately at a rightangle with a radius of said rotating draw-roll frame; a stationaryspiral worm surrounding the lower end of said draw-roll frame at asuitable distance therefrom and arranged in a horizontal plane forengaging the teeth of said skew-gear successively, and thereby causingthe rotation of said skew-gear and draw-rolls during the rotation of thesaid spinning-head, and means for winding the spun yarn delivered fromsaid spinning-head.

3. The combination, as herein set forth, of a spinning-head,substantially such as herein described, in which the draw-rolls and theroving-bobbin holder rotate upon a common vertical axis, with windingdevices for winding up the spun yarn delivered from said spinning-head,and a tension device interposed between said Winding devices and saidspinning-head, for the purpose of preventing the direct transmission ofstrain from the winding devices to the draw-rolls.

ABRAM D. EMERY.

\Vitnesses:

ESTELLE M. EMERY, E. GATTERER.

